Det finnes ingen problemer -bare løsninger
Det finnes ingen problemer -bare løsninger
I programvareutvikling og produktstyring er en brukerhistorie en uformell, naturlig språkbeskrivelse av en eller flere funksjoner i et programvaresystem. Brukerhistorier er ofte skrevet ut fra en sluttbruker eller bruker av et system. De registreres ofte på indekskort, Post-it notater, eller i prosjektledelsesprogramvare. Avhengig av prosjektet kan brukerhistorier skrives av ulike interessenter, inkludert klienter, brukere, ledere eller utviklingsteam medlemmer. Brukerhistorier er en type grenseobjekt. De letter på kommunikasjon, det vil si, de hjelper programvarelagene å organisere sin forståelse av systemet og dets kontekst. Brukerhistorier er ofte forvekslet med systemkravene. Et krav er en formell beskrivelse av behovet; En brukerhistorie er en uformell beskrivelse av en funksjon.
Wikipedia
Lær MerI Felagi oppfordrer vi kunden til å identifisere brukerhistorier med oss. Vi bruker for det meste ideverksteder for dette formålet.
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User stories are written by or for users or customers to influence the functionality of the system being developed. In some teams, the product manager (or product owner in Scrum), is primarily responsible for formulating user stories and organizing them into a product backlog. In other teams, anyone can write a user story. User stories can be developed through discussion with stakeholders, based on personas or simply made up.
User stories may follow one of several templates. A team at Connextra developed the a popular user-story template in 2001:
As the HR manager, I want to create a screening quiz so that I can understand whether I want to send possible recruits to the functional manager.
As a manager, I want to browse my existing quizzes so I can recall what I have in place and figure out if I can just reuse or update an existing quiz for the position I need now.
As a user, I can indicate folders not to backup so that my backup drive isn't filled up with things I don't need saved.
As a central part of many agile development methodologies, such as in XP's planning game, user stories define what has to be built in the software project. User stories are prioritized by the customer (or the product owner in Scrum) to indicate which are most important for the system and will be broken down into tasks and estimated by the developers. One way of estimating is via a Fibonacci scale. When user stories are about to be implemented, the developers should have the possibility to talk to the customer about it. The short stories may be difficult to interpret, may require some background knowledge or the requirements may have changed since the story was written. Every user story must at some point have one or more acceptance tests attached, allowing the developer to test when the user story is done and also allowing the customer to validate it. Without a precise formulation of the requirements, prolonged nonconstructive arguments may arise when the product is to be delivered.
There is no good evidence that using user stories increases software success or developer productivity. However, user stories facilitate sensemaking without undue problem structuring, which is linked to success.
Limitations of user stories include:
Scale-up problemUser stories written on small physical cards are hard to maintain, difficult to scale to large projects and troublesome for geographically distributed teams.
Vague, informal and incompleteUser story cards are regarded as conversation starters. Being informal, they are open to many interpretations. Being brief, they do not state all of the details necessary to implement a feature. Stories are therefore inappropriate for reaching formal agreements or writing legal contracts.[12]
Lack of non-functional requirementsUser stories rarely include performance or non-functional requirement details, so non-functional tests (e.g. response time) may be overlooked.
A story map is a graphical, two-dimensional visualization of the product backlog. At the top of the map are the headings under which stories are grouped, usually referred to as 'epics' (big coarse-grained user stories), 'themes' (collections of related user stories) or 'activities'. These are identified by orienting at the user’s workflow or "the order you'd explain the behavior of the system". Vertically, below the epics, the actual story cards are allocated and ordered by priority. The first horizontal row is a "walking skeleton" and below that represents increasing sophistication. In this way it becomes possible to describe even big systems without losing the big picture.
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